          ᥬ  IBM PC.  18.                            1


           18
          -----------------------------------------------------------
          
          ᪮  IV: 㭪樨 BIOS
          
          :  ᭮ ॡ  ணࠬ஢
          㭪権 BIOS  ᮧ  ⥭ ᪮ 䠩.
          
          
          -----------------------------------------------------------
               ᪮  権    ணࠬ஢  ।
          ⢥    ஢  BIOS,     BIOS      ᯥ稢
          ⮬᪨  ᯮ짮      ஢/
          ஢ ᥩ.  ᪮  BIOS INT 13H  
          ᬠਢ    "",    騥  ࠧ  ᥪ, 
            ᪠  ⢫     ନ  ⢨⥫
           ஦   ᥪ.
              ᪮ 権  ⥭,    䨪樨 
          室 樠 ᫥ ॣ஢:
             
          AH      । ⨯ 樨: ⥭, , 䨪
                   ଠ஢.
          AL      । ᫮ ᥪ஢.
          CH      ।  ஦.
          CL      ।  砫쭮 ᥪ.
          DH        (஭) : 0  1  ᪥.
          DL       ᪮: 0=A, 1=B  ..
          ES:BX     /뢮    (
                  ᪫祭 樨 䨪樨).
          
             BIOS
          -----------------------------------------------------------
               㪠  室  ᪮  樨 室
          । INT 13H 㧨   ॣ  AH  ᮮ⢥騩 .
             
             AH = 00:  ⥬ ஫ ᪮
               ⢫   ஫  
            ॡ   믮 INT 13H  㧪  ॣ
          AH  祭  .00.    ᯮ     ,
            ᫥  㣨  ᪮  権   頥  
          쥧  訡.
             
             AH = 01: । ﭨ ᪮
                 頥    ॣ   AL  ﭨ
          ᪮ ᫥  ᫥  樨  /뢮 (.
          ﭨ    ᫥饬  ࠧ).    ॡ ⮫쪮
          㧪 祭 01   ॣ AH.
             
             AH = 02: ⥭ ᥪ஢
                믮 ⥭    ।
          ᫠ ᥪ஢   ஦. ᫮ ᥪ஢ 筮 1,  8
           9.          㦥
           ॣ BX,  祬 ᫥  ,    ॠ 

          
          ᥬ  IBM PC.  18.                            2


            ᮤন ॣ EX,  ⠪    砥
          ᯮ ॣ஢    ES:BX.    ᫥饬 ਬ
          믮 ⥭ ᥪ    INSECT,  
           筮 让, ⮡   :
             
                    MOV  AH,02     ;   ⥭
                    MOV  AL,01     ;   ᥪ
                    LEA  BX,INSERT ;    ES:BX
                    MOV  CH,05     ; ஦ 05
                    MOV  CL,03     ;  03
                    MOV  DH,00     ; ஭ () 00
                    MOV  DL,01     ; ᪮ 01 (B)
                    INT  13H       ; 맮 BIOS
             
             ᫮ ⢨⥫쭮 ⠭  ᥪ஢  頥 
          ॣ  AL.    DS,  BX,  CX    DX  ࠭ ᢮
          祭.
              設⢥  砥  ணࠬ  㪠뢠  ⮫쪮 
          ᥪ    ᥪ    ஦.   ᫥⥫쭮
          ⥭  ᥪ஢  ணࠬ    㢥稢  ᮤন
          ॣ஢  CH    CL.  ,        ᥪ
          ⨣ ᨬ쭮 祭,   室  
          01,    ஦ 㢥   1    ஭ 0
            1  ( ஭ ᪥).
             
             AH = 03:  ᥪ஢
                 뢠    㪠 
            (筮 512  ⮢    ⭮  512)     
          ᪮쪮  ।   ᥪ஢.  ࠢ  ଠ
          㦠  ॣ 筮 樨 ⥭ ᪠ (
          02).       頥    ॣ   AL  ᫮
          ᥪ஢,   ⢨⥫쭮 뫨 ᠭ.  DX,
          BX,  CX   DX  ࠭ ᢮ 祭.
             
             AH = 04: 䨪 ᥪ
               ஢,     㪠
          ᥪ,   믮 ᢮ த ஫  ⭮. 
            ᯮ짮  ᫥   (  03)  ࠭⨨
             뢮,     ॡ ⥫쭮
          ६ /뢮.  祭 ॣ஢ ⠭ -
          筮 樨   ( 03),   ᪫祭 ॣ-
            ES:BX  -   樠  ॡ.   
          頥   ॣ  AL ᫮  ࠡ⠭ ᥪ஢. -
           DX,  BX, CX  DX ࠭ ᢮  祭.
             
             AH = 05: ଠ஢ ஦
                ᯮ   ଠ஢  ।
            ᫠ ஦  ᮮ⢥⢨        
          ࠧ஢ (⠭  ⥬ PC -  512). 樨 ⥭ 
                樨    ॡ㥬   ᥪ   ॡ
          ଠ  ଠ.    ଠ஢  ॣ஢ 



          
          ᥬ  IBM PC.  18.                            3


          ES:BX   ᮤঠ ,   㪠뢠   㯯
             ஦.    ᥪ   ஦
            塠⮢    T/H/S|B, 
             
                   T  ஦,
                   H  ,
                   S  ᥪ,
                   B ᫮   ᥪ,
                     (00-128, 01-256, 02-512, 03-1024).
             
             ਬ,   ଠ஢ 03 ஦,  ஭ 00 
          512  ⮢  ᥪ,      祭
          .03000102           ᠭ  
          ⠫ ᥪ஢  ஦. 孨᪮ 㪮⢮  AT
          ᮤন  ⥫ 権 BIOS.
          
           
          ------------------------------------------------------------
               ᬮ७  権 (02,  03, 04  05) 
          砥 ଠ쭮 襭 䫠 CF  ॣ  AH ᮤন
          0.  砥 訡 䫠 CF ⠭  1,  ॣ AH
          ᮤন    ﭨ,  騩  稭 訡.
            ﭨ  祭  祭    ॣ  AL  ᫥
          믮 樨 01.
             
                    AH             稭
               0000 0001      訡   ᪥
               0000 0010         થ  ᪥
               0000 0011      ⪠   饭 
               0000 0100        ᥪ
               0000 1000      室  ࠭ DMA ( אַ
                              㯠)
               0000 1001      ⪠ 㯠 १ ࠭ 64K
               0001 0000      ⥭ ᡮ ⮪  ᪥
               0010 0000      訡 ஫ ᪮
               0100 0000      訡 ⠭ (᪠)
               1000 0000      訡 㤮
             
              砥  訡,  ⢨ 
           ᪠ (AH=00)   ஥⭮ ७ 樨. ᫨
          ⠪ ࠧ 訡   ࠭,    ࠭ 뢮
          ᮮ⢥饥  ᮮ饭    짮⥫     ᬥ
          ᪥.
          
          :  BIOS   
          ------------------------------------------------------------
             ᬮਬ ணࠬ,  ਢ  .18.1,  ன
          ᯮ  BIOS INT 13H  ⥭ ᥪ஢ ᪠.
          ணࠬ   ਬ, ਢ  .16.3, 
          ᫥騬   ﬨ:
             
          1.    ᠭ FCB  ணࠬ .


          
          ᥬ  IBM PC.  18.                            4


          2.   ணࠬ 뢠  ᪮ .  ᫥ 
                ⥭  ந室 㢥祭   ᥪ. 
               ⨦      ᥪ   10   楤  C10ADDR
               뢠  祭   01.  ᫨  ஭ = 1,
               ணࠬ  㢥稢    ஦;  ⥬ 
                ஭: 0  1  1  0.
          3.     CURADR  ᮤন  砫  祭  ஢
               ஦  ᥪ ( ணࠬ 㢥稢),  
               ENDADR -   祭.   ᯮᮡ 襭
               ணࠬ   -   ।⠢  짮⥫  
               㪠 砫    ஦  ᥪ 
                ᮮ⢥饣 .
             
             믮    ணࠬ    ࠢ  ⫠稪
          DEBUG. த ஢ ,  樠
          ᥣ  ॣ,    ⠭  砫    
            ᥪ஢    䠩  ⠡  FAT  (ᯮ
          ⠡ FAT ࠧ筮  ࠧ  樮 ⥬).
          ᯮ  G ()    믮      ᪠ 
          ஢ન  ⠭  ᮤন  ⠡  FAT   ⮢
          .
          
          ------------------------------------------------------------
          ------------------------------------------------------------
            .18.1. ᯮ짮 BIOS  ⥭ ᪮ 䠩.
             
               ⢥ ୠ⨢,⫠稪 DEBUG   ८ࠧ
           ASCII-ᨬ       .  
          뤠  ࠭  祭,     ⫠稪 DEBUG
          (.  ணࠬ  .14.5).   ࠧ  ஢
          ᮤন   ᥪ (  ⮬  ᫥  "⠭"), 
          ⠪ ।⠢  짮⥫     
              ᥪ  .
              ,   ᮧ 䠩 DOS  
               㯭 ᥪ,    易⥫쭮
           ᬥ묨    ᪥.  ⥫쭮,   
          BIOS INT 13H  믮 ᫥⥫쭮 ⥭ 䠩.
             
             
          ------------------------------------------------------------
          -   BIOS INT 13 ᯥ稢 אַ   ஦
              ᥪࠬ ᪠.
          -   BIOS  INT 13   ন 樨   
             ,  㦥  䠩,  ஢  
              ᥩ.
          -  䨪  ᥪ   믮     ஢
             ᠭ  ,    ਢ    㢥祭 ६
             ࠡ⪨.
          -  ஢  ﭨ ᫥   ᪮ 樨
             १ BIOS.
          
            
          ------------------------------------------------------------

          
          ᥬ  IBM PC.  18.                            5


          18.1.      ᪮ ஫.
          18.2.     ⥭  ﭨ ᪥.
          18.3.     BIOS INT 13H, 믮騥 ⥭
                  ᥪ      INDISK,  ᪮
                 A,  0, ஦ 6  ᥪ 3.
          18.4.     BIOS INT 13H, 믮騥 
                  ᥪ஢    OUTDISK,   ᪮
                 B,  0, ஦ 8  ᥪ 1.
          18.5.        18.4,     ᯮ
                     饭 ?
          18.6.    ᭮    18.4     ஫
                  ( 䨪樨).










































          
