    13. ७ 樨..................................9
     䥪⨢  : ४⨢ SMART  NOSMART...........9
     ७ 樨 室................................10
     ⥫ 樨 横  80386...............11
     ⥫ 樨 ENTER  LEAVE........................11
     ⥫ 樨 .............................11
     ७ 樨 PUSH  POP..............................12
     樨 PUSH  POP  ᪮쪨 ࠭.................13
     ᯮ짮   PUSH  POP 㪠⥫..............13
     ᥭ  ⥪ ⠭ ( 8086)....................13
     ७ 樨 ᤢ..................................15
     ਭ㤨⥫쭮 ८। ᥣ⮢: 樨 SEGxx.....15
     ⥫ 樨 ࠡ  䫠.....................16
     ⥫ 樨 ࠡ  ⠬ ................17
      GETFIELD............................................19
     ⥫쭠  樨 ।⢥ 㬭..19
     ७ 室 権   80386.........20
     맮 楤  ࠬ ⥪.................................22
     뢠 楤, ᮤঠ騥 RETURNS.......................23
     맮 楤 ⮤  ꥪ⮢: CALL   METHOD.............23
     筠 ४  ⮤ ꥪ⮢: JMP METHOD...25
     ⥫ 樨  ꥪ⭮ ணࠬ஢......25
    14. ᯮ짮 ப..............................26
     ⮢ ப.........................................26
     । ⥪⮢ ப   ४⨢ EQU......26
     ४⨢ ப ࠡ  ⥪⮢묨 ப.............27
     ४⨢ CATSTR...............................................28
     ४⨢ SUBSTR...............................................28
     ४⨢ INSTR................................................28
     ४⨢ SIZESTR..............................................28
     ਬ ப ࠡ  ⥪⮬...........................29
     ப, 騥  ᪮쪨 ப....................29
      ப, 饩  ᪮쪨 ப...............29
     ᯮ짮  ப ᨬ &........................30
     祭 ਥ  ⥫ ப.....................31
      ଠ 㬥.................................31
     ४⨢ EXITM................................................33
     ४⨢ GOTO  ந䨪 室..................33
     騥 ப, 騥  ᪮쪨 ப..............34
     맮 饩 ப, 饩  ᪮쪨 ப........36
     ࠫ ப  㣫 ᪮...........................37
      !.......................................................37
      ᫥ ࠦ %..................................38
     ८। 饩 ப, 饩  ᪮쪨 ப..38
      饩 ப: ४⨢ PURGE...................38
     ।   ४ᨢ ப................39
     稪 ७ ப................................40
     ४⨢ WHILE................................................41
     ப ७ ப..................................41
     ।⢥ த४⨢ %..............................42
     祭 ७ ப  䠩 ⨭..............43
    15. ᯮ짮 ᫮ ४⨢........................44
     ⠪ ᫮ ४⨢....................................44
     ४⨢ ᫮ ᥬ஢ IFxxx......................45
     ४⨢ ᫮ ᥬ஢ ELSEIFxxx..................47
     ४⨢ 樨 ᮮ饭  訡 ERRxx..................48
     ᠭ  ४⨢...................................49
     ᫮ ४⨢ 樨 ᮮ饭  訡............49
     ᫮ ४⨢  ࠦﬨ...............................49
     ᫮ ४⨢  䨪஬...........................50
     ᫮ ४⨢  ⥪⮢묨 ப.......................52
     ᫮ 믮 室 ᥬ஬.........................56
     祭 ᫮ ४⨢  䠩 ⨭....................56
    16. 䥩  騪..............................58
     ᠭ 譨 䨪஢...............................58
     襭  ⭮ 몠...............................58
     ᠭ 饤㯭 䨪஢.........................58
     ᠭ 䨪஢ ⥪............................59
     । 譨 䨪஢............................60
     ᠭ  䨪஢............................60
     ।  ६...................................60
     祭 ⥪...........................................62
    17.  ⨭.....................................63
     ଠ ⨭................................................63
     騥 ४⨢ ࠢ ⨭...........................64
     ४⨢ ⨭ 砥 䠩...........................65
     ४⨢ 뢮  ᫮ ᥬ஢..............66
     ४⨢ 뢮  䠩 ⨭ ப...................67
     ४⨢ 뢮 ⨭ ४ 뫮..................67
     ࠬ  ଠ ⨭...........................69
    18. 䥩 ࡮ ᥬ  Borland C++...............73
     맮  Borland C++ 㭪権 ࡮ ᥬ..................74
     ᭮   䥩 ࡮ ᥬ  Borland C++...76
      ᥬ 㫥  ++..........................77
     ᯮ짮 Extern "C"  饭 ..............78
        ᥣ.......................................79
     饭 ४⨢ । ᥣ⮢  Borland C++.......79
      ४⨢ । ᥣ⮢  Borland C++...........80
     祭  㬮砭:  室 㦠 ᥣ?....83
     饤㯭  譨 䨪.........................86
     ન   ........................................86
     稬    ய ᨬ  䨪..88
      ⮪.....................................................88
     譨 쭨 䨪.................................90
      ப 騪..................................91
     ⢨  ࡮ ᥬ஬  Borland C++...........93
     । ࠬ஢............................................93
     ࠭ ॣ஢..........................................101
      祭..............................................102
     맮 㭪樨 ࡮ ᥬ  Borland C++.................104
     ᠭ  몥 ᥬ 㭪権-⮢ ++...........108
     襭  맮, ᯮ騥  ᪠...............110
     맮 Borland C++  ࡮ ᥬ.........................111
        樠樨 ++..........................112
      ᥣ..............................................112
     믮 맮.............................................112
     맮  ࡮ ᥬ 㭪樨 Borland C++.................114
    19. 䥩 ࡮ ᥬ  ࡮ ᪠...........117
     ⭮  ࡮ ᪠ ᯮ짮 ..............118
     ४⨢  $L  譨 ணࠬ...............118
     ४⨢ PUBLIC..............................................119
     ४⨢ EXTRN...............................................119
     ࠭祭  ᯮ짮 ꥪ⮢ ⨯ EXTRN.............122
     ᯮ짮 ४஢ ᥣ⮢.........................123
     ࠭ ᯮ㥬 ...............................125
     襭 ࡮ ᪠  । ࠬ஢...............125
     ࠬ-祭............................................125
      ⨯................................................125
     ⢥ 祭.........................................126
      Single,Double,Extended  Comp  ⨯ ᮯ 8087...126
     ⥫.....................................................126
     ப........................................................126
       ᨢ..............................................126
     ⢠.....................................................127
     ࠬ-६..........................................127
     ᯥ祭 ⥪.............................................127
       ࠬࠬ...........................................128
     ᯮ짮  樨  ⥪ ॣ BP...............128
     ४⨢ ARG.................................................129
     ࡮ ᪠  ४⨢ .MODEL..............................130
     ᯮ짮 㣮   ᭮ ॣ........131
      㭪樨  ࡮ ᪠............................131
     뤥 ࠭⢠   ...................132
     뤥 ᪮ ..................................132
     뤥 ६ ....................................133
     ਬ ணࠬ  ᥬ  ࡮ ᪠...........135
     ணࠬ ⭠筮 ८ࠧ 饣 祭...135
     ਬ  ᮤন  ६.....................138
     ਬ  樮 । DOS.........................141
  2. ...............................................147
   ਫ A. 砭  ணࠬ஢.....................148
     饭 ४⨢ । ᥣ.....................148
     ணࠬ DOS.................................................150
     砭  ணࠬ ଠ EXE...........................151
     砭  ணࠬ ଠ COM...........................152
     ணࠬ Windows.............................................153
     砭  ᪨ 㥬 ⥪ Windows......153
     砭  ਪ ணࠬ Windows....................154
   ਫ B.  ᨭ⠪᪨ ࠢ ࡮ ᥬ......156
     ᪠ ࠬ⨪........................................156
     ࠬ⨪ ࠦ  ० MASM............................158
     ࠬ⨪ ࠦ  ० Ideal...........................160
     設⢮ 祢 ᫮.....................................162
     設⢮ 権  ० Ideal...........................162
     設⢮ 権  ० MASM............................162
     祢 ᫮  ।। 䨪..............163
     祢 ᫮ ४⨢.......................................163
   ਫ C.  ᮢ⨬.............................168
     -  室 ० ᥬ஢..................169
     ६ 樮 ।.................................170
     ଠ  Microsoft   ᥫ  饩 窮..170
   ਫ D. ⨫ ࡮ ᥬ..........................171
     ⨫-८ࠧ⥫ H2ASH.................................171
   ਫ E. 饭  訡..............................174
     ଠ樮 ᮮ饭......................................174
     ।०騥 ᮮ饭  ᮮ饭  訡..............176
     32-bit segment not allowed without .386.......................176
     Argument needs type override..................................176
     Argument to operation or instruction has illegal size.........177
     Arithmetic overflow...........................................177
     ASSUME must be segment register...............................177
     Bad keyword in SEGMENT statement..............................177
     Can't add relative quantities.................................177
     Can't address with currently ASSUMEd segment registers........178
     Can't convert to pointer......................................178
     Can't emulate 8087 instruction................................178
     Can't make variable public....................................179
     Can't override ES segment.....................................179
     Can't subtract dissimilar relative quantities.................179
     Can't use macro name in expression............................179
     Can't use this outside macro..................................179
     Code or data emission to undeclared segment...................180
     Constant assumed to mean Immediate const......................180
     Constant too large............................................180
     CS not correctly assumed......................................180
     CS override in protected mode.................................181
     CS unreachable from current segment...........................181
     Declaration needs name........................................181
     Directive ignored in Turbo Pascal model.......................181
     Directive not allowed inside structure definition.............182
     Duplicate dummy arguments:_...................................182
     ELSE or ENDIF without IF......................................182
     Expecting METHOD keyword......................................183
     Expecting offset quantity.....................................183
     Expecting offset or pointer quantity..........................183
     Expecting pointer type........................................183
     Expecting record field name...................................183
     Expecting register ID.........................................183
     Expecting scalar type.........................................183
     Expecting segment or group quantity...........................184
     Extra characters on line......................................184
     Forward reference needs override..............................184
     Global type doesn't match symbol type.........................184
     ID not member of structure....................................185
     Illegal forward reference.....................................185
     Illegal immediate.............................................185
     Illegal indexing mode.........................................186
     Illegal instruction...........................................186
     Illegal instruction for currently selected processor(s).......186
     Illegal local argument........................................186
     Illegal local symbol prefix...................................186
     Illegal mcro argument........................................187
     Illegal memory reference......................................187
     Illegal number................................................187
     Illegal origin address........................................187
     Illegal override in structure.................................187
     Illegal override register.....................................188
     Illegal radix.................................................188
     Illegal register for instruction..............................188
     Illegal register multiplier...................................188
     Illegal segment address.......................................188
     Illegal use of constant.......................................189
     Illegal use of register.......................................189
     Illegal use of segment register...............................189
     Illegal USES register.........................................189
     Illegal version ID............................................189
     Illegal warning ID............................................189
     Instruction can be compacted with override....................190
     Invalid model type............................................190
     Invalid operand(s) to instruction.............................190
     Labels can't start with numeric characters....................190
     Line too long - truncated.....................................190
     Location counter overflow.....................................190
     Method call requires object name..............................191
     Missing argument list.........................................191
     Missing argument or <.........................................191
     Missing argument size variable................................191
     Missing COMM ID...............................................191
     Missing dummy argument........................................192
     Missing end quote.............................................192
     Missing macro ID..............................................192
     Missing module name...........................................192
     Missing or illegal language ID................................192
     Missing or illegal type specifier.............................193
     Missing table member ID.......................................193
     Missing term in list..........................................193
     Missing text macro............................................193
     Model must be specified first.................................193
     Module is pass-dependant - compatibility pass was done........193
     Name must come first..........................................194
     Near jump or call to different CS.............................194
     Need address or register......................................194
     Need angle brackets for structure fill........................194
     Need colon....................................................194
     Need expression...............................................195
     Need file name after INCLUDE..................................195
     Need left parenthesis.........................................195
     Need method name..............................................195
     Need pointer expression.......................................195
     Need quoted string............................................195
     Need register in expression...................................196
     Need right angle bracket......................................196
     Need right curly bracket......................................196
     Need right parenthesis........................................196
     Need right square bracket.....................................196
     Need stack argument...........................................197
     Need structure member name....................................197
     Not expecting group or segment quantity.......................197
     One non-null field allowed per union expansion................197
     Only one startup sequence allowed.............................198
     Open conditional..............................................198
     Open procedure................................................198
     Open segment..................................................198
     Open structure definition.....................................198
     Operand types do not match....................................199
     Operation illegal for static table member.....................199
     Pass-dependant construction encountered.......................199
     Pointer expression needs brackets.............................199
     Positive count expecting......................................200
     Record field too large........................................200
     Record member not found.......................................200
     Recursive definition not allowed for EQU......................200
     Register must be AL or AX.....................................200
     Register must be DX...........................................200
     Relative jump out of range by __ bytes........................201
     Relative quantity illegal.....................................201
     Reserved word used as symbol..................................201
     Rotate count must be constant or CL...........................201
     Rotate count out of range.....................................201
     Segment alignment not strict enough...........................202
     Segment attributes illegally redefined........................202
     Segment name is superfluous...................................202
     String too long...............................................202
     Symbol already defined:__.....................................203
     Symbol already different kind.................................203
     Symbol has no width or mask...................................203
     Symbol is not a segment or already part of a group............203
     Text macro expansion exceeds maximum line length..............203
     Too few operands to instruction...............................203
     Too many errors or warnings...................................204
     Too many initial values.......................................204
     Too many register multipliers in expression...................204
     Too many registers in expression..............................204
     Too many USES registers.......................................204
     Trailling null value assumed..................................205
     Undefined symbol..............................................205
     Unexpected end of file (no END directive).....................205
     Unknown character.............................................205
     Unmatched ENDP:_..............................................205
     Unmatched ENDS:_..............................................205
     User-generated error..........................................206
     Value out of range............................................206
     饭  ⠫ 訡.................................207
     Bad switch....................................................207
     Can't find @file __...........................................207
     an't locate file __..........................................207
     Error writing to listing file.................................207
     Error writing to object file..................................207
     File not found................................................207
     File was changed or deleted while assembly in progress........208
     Insufficient memory to process command line...................208
     Internal error................................................208
     Invalid command line..........................................208
     Invalid number after _........................................208
     Out of hash space.............................................208
     Out of memory.................................................209
     Out of string space...........................................209
     Too many errors found.........................................209
     Unexpected end of file (no END directive).....................209
